Actives
The Full Benefits of Niacinamide, Backed by Research
Niacinamide works through several independent mechanisms - brightening, barrier repair, sebum reduction, anti-inflammation. Here is what each one actually does and at…
Actives
How Hyaluronic Acid Really Works (More Complex Than You Think)
The 1000x water claim is real, but molecular weight changes everything about what hyaluronic acid actually does in your skin. Here is…
Actives
What Retinol Actually Does to Your Skin
Retinol is the most evidence-backed anti-ageing active available without a prescription. Here is the mechanism, the conversion pathway, and what the research…
Beauty Science
Actives
Retinol vs Tretinoin: Why One Is Prescribed and One Isn’t
Tretinoin is retinoic acid - the active form of vitamin A. Retinol has to be converted to it. That conversion gap explains…